Surface area

8L3 Homework

Name major adaptations for reducing water loss in plants. Give examples of each.

Produce a poster to illustrate this information.

8M2 homework

The video we watched showed lots of different habitats that plants. make a list Of where they are From

Yr 9 Homework

Explain how Amylase breaks up Starch.

8L2 8M2 and 8L3 Homework

Major diseases of the World

Malaria

HIV/ AIDS

Sleeping Sickness

Yellow Fever

Pick one of these and make a poster about it.

Include the following information:

How it is caused.

How it spreads.

How it is treated.

How it is prevented.

Where is it normally found.

7L2 Homework

Design meals for each of the following individuals.

1) A teenager that does lots of sports.

2) An office worker (female) aged 30 who does no exercise.

3) A baby, 3 months old.

The Mongolian Death Worm

Discussing Cryptozoology with my Yr 10 class today we touched on this topic.

Here is a little background information.

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=10&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiUkqGopazNAhXhIcAKHYKkCWYQtwIIQTAJ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DpUHx_JRInYo&usg=AFQjCNG57hN7EtPZ9LaVhuD4n6Sl60SpKQ&sig2=6C0IyxoDQwF1xzMzU3dQag


https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiUkqGopazNAhXhIcAKHYKkCWYQFggcMAA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMongolian_death_worm&usg=AFQjCNFL895p7vFdUV6XgfsOh8v2UnbbPw&sig2=acylKQreyYtlD39MLadf4Q

https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=15&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiUkqGopazNAhXhIcAKHYKkCWYQFghhMA4&url=http%3A%2F%2Fkarlshuker.blogspot.com%2F2012%2F08%2Fthe-mongolian-death-worm-shocking.html&usg=AFQjCNEMJ1JKShrrekdG9AtcuyP-Q51CvQ&sig2=W0YirQR12P5yQxlE286fOA

https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=the+mongolian+death+worm&safe=strict&espv=2&biw=1280&bih=899&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiUkqGopazNAhXhIcAKHYKkCWYQsAQIJw

Diffusion Notes Link

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa_pre_2011/cells/cells3.shtml

Diffusion Notes

Diffusion

Dissolved substances have to pass through the cell membrane to get into or out of a cell. Diffusion is one of the processes that allows this to happen.
Diffusion occurs when particles spread. They move from a region where they are in high concentration to a region where they are in low concentration. Diffusion happens when the particles are free to move. This is true in gases and for particles dissolved in solutions. Particles diffuse down a concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This is how the smell of cooking travels around the house from the kitchen, for example.

Examples of diffusion

Two examples of diffusion down concentration gradients

location	particles move	from	to
gut	digested food products	gut cavity	blood in capillary of villus
lungs	oxygen	alveolar air space	blood circulating around the lungs

10L2 and 10M5 Homework

What is Diffusion?
How is it different to Osmosis and Active Transport?
How is it important in Biological systems.

8L2, 8L3 and 8M2 Homework

What is an Antigen?

What is an Antibody?

Where are they found and how do they take part in the bodys defence system?

7L2 Homework

Explain how the Eatwell plate works.

10L2 and 10M5 Homework

Draw a range of specialized Plant cells (5)

Label their component parts

Describe their function

Willowherb Hawk moth

An excellent example of Cryptic colouration, camouflage and natural selection.

Pathogens

Defending against infection

Pathogens are microorganisms - such as bacteria and viruses - that cause disease. Bacteria release toxins, and viruses damage our cells. White blood cells can ingest and destroy pathogens. They can produce antibodies to destroy pathogens, and antitoxins to neutralise toxins.

In vaccination pathogens are introduced into the body in a weakened form. The process causes the body to produce enough white blood cells to protect itself against the pathogens, while not getting diseased.

Antibiotics are effective against bacteria, but not against viruses. Some strains of bacteria are resistant to antibiotics.

Pathogens - bacteria

Pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious disease. Bacteria and viruses are the main pathogens.

Bacteria

Structure of a salmonella bacterium cell

Pathogens - viruses

A hepatitis C virus showing DNA enclosed in a protein coat.

Viruses are many times smaller than bacteria. They are among the smallest organisms known and consist of a fragment of genetic material inside a protective protein coat.

Viruses can only reproduce inside host cells, and they damage the cell when they do this. A virus can get inside a cell and, once there, take over and make hundreds of thousands of copies of itself. Eventually the virus copies fill the whole host cell and burst it open. The viruses are then passed out in the bloodstream, the airways, or by other routes.

Diseases caused by viruses include:

• influenza - flu
• colds
• measles
• mumps
• rubella
• chicken pox
• AIDS

Vaccination

People can be immunised against a pathogen through vaccination. Different vaccines are needed for different pathogens.

Vaccination involves putting a small amount of an inactive form of a pathogen, or dead pathogen, into the body. Vaccines can contain:

• live pathogens treated to make them harmless
• harmless fragments of the pathogen
• toxins produced by pathogens
• dead pathogens

These all act as antigens. When injected into the body, they stimulate white blood cells to produce antibodies against the pathogen.

Because the vaccine contains only a weakened or harmless version of a pathogen, the vaccinated person is not in danger of developing disease - although some people may suffer a mild reaction. If the person does get infected by the pathogen later, the required lymphocytes are able to reproduce rapidly and destroy it.

Vaccines and boosters

Vaccines in early childhood can give protection against many serious diseases. Sometimes more than one vaccine is given at a time, like the MMR triple vaccine against mumps, measles and rubella.

Sometimes vaccine boosters are needed, because the immune response 'memory' weakens over time. Anti-tetanus injections may need to be repeated every ten years.

Bacteria are microscopic organisms. They come in many shapes and sizes, but even the largest are only 10 micrometres long - 10 millionths of a metre.

Bacteria are living cells and, in favourable conditions, can multiply rapidly. Once inside the body, they release poisons or toxins that make us feel ill. Diseases caused by bacteria include:

• food poisoning
• cholera
• typhoid
• whooping cough
• gonorrhoea - a sexually transmitted disease

Blood flow in simple diagrams

Some diagrams to help with homework.

9L1 and 9M1 Homework

Draw a diagram showing the following.

The Heart and its chambers
Valves
Major blood vessels
Systemic and Pulmonary circulation
Body and lungs
Oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood.

Note. This is not a DRAWING its a diagram.

Due after half term.

10L2 Homework

Draw typical animal and plant cells with full labeling.

Produce a table that shows which components are common to both animal and plant cells and which are unique to each type.

1 week deadline (after half term).

8L2, 8M2 and 8L3 Science Homework

Research and write about these pathogens.

Polio

Whooping cough

Meningitis

Diptheria

Mumps.

Present results as a poster or mind map.