10 set 2 Acids and Alkalis

Topic 3 – Chemical change
Acids
Students should: Maths skills
3.1 Recall that acids in solution are sources of hydrogen ions and
alkalis in solution are sources of hydroxide ions
3.2 Recall that a neutral solution has a pH of 7 and that acidic
solutions have lower pH values and alkaline solutions higher pH
values
3.3 Recall the effect of acids and alkalis on indicators, including
litmus, methyl orange and phenolphthalein
3.4 Recall that the higher the concentration of hydrogen ions
in an acidic solution, the lower the pH; and the higher the
concentration of hydroxide ions in an alkaline solution,
the higher the pH
1c
3.5 Recall that as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
increases by a factor of 10, the pH of the solution
decreases by 1
1c
3.6 Core Practical: Investigate the change in pH on adding
powdered calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide to a fixed volume
of dilute hydrochloric acid
4a, 4c
3.7 Explain the terms dilute and concentrated, with respect
to amount of substances in solution
3.8 Explain the terms weak and strong acids, with respect to
the degree of dissociation into ions
3.9 Recall that a base is any substance that reacts with an acid to
form a salt and water only



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